The Science Recent advances in genetics and microscopy have led to the development of a new series of instruments that can both “see” and “create” thought. One of the most popular tools for modern brain studies is optogenetics, a combination of optics and genetics that allows scientists to both visualize neuron firing and control it [1]. Using genetics, scientists can genetically modify an animal or tissue sample with a calcium indicator– a protein that fluoresces differently as neurons fire. Related to the proteins found in jellyfish and coral that make those animals glow in different colors under UV light, a calcium indicator changes the amount of glow produced based on whether the neuron is firing or not. A fluorescence microscope is then used to image the neurons, and they get brighter when they fire. Transgenic Zebrafish Larvae imaged simultaneously at the dorsal plane and Ventral plane 100µm apart. Tg(elavl3:H2B-GCaMP7f), Elavl3 is a pan-neuronal promoter. Collected at 512×512...